1982.TU.46
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Performer: Josif Griškin Alekseevič
No translations.
The performer claims the song to be his own creation, he composed it right after the Second World War in the name of the young men who stayed in the village. During the years of the war the whole male population of the village capable of work were drafted to the front, and only 3–4 of them returned. The forced pace of production during and after the war, providing for the families left without a bread earner and organising work and village life were all left to the few boys who had not yet reached the age of 18 at the time of the war. Josif Griškin was a central figure of reorganising the village, he is currently [1982] also a fishing brigade leader and party member.
The song was composed on the model of songs praising the village and group and adapted considerably to the present time. Among Ob-Ugric people, the population of winter villages that have had a permanent location for centuries comprises the basic social unit according to which people are classified and record is kept of them. In typical cases, this coincides with some sort of kinship or cultic group ("clan" or "lineage branch"), so Tugijany village is identical with the Seburovs of the mɔś phratry respecting the tŏχʌǝŋ ĭki ʻWinged elder' idol spirit and the Griškins of the pŏr phratry belonging to the χăreŋ ĭki ʻForest elder' and some other local idol spirits. Thus, the village name marks both the traditionally inhabited place in the national landscape (which has a huge significance due to the extremely scattered settlement structure) and the resident social group. In songs with a theme related to the village, both aspects are present: the extreme types are songs of praise exclusively depicting the natural environment, and "group authored" songs of praise that describe a group of the population of the same age and sex. However, the two aspects do not have a sharp distinction – similarly to everyday life –, so in a set of the songs (as in the present case) both themes are present alternately.
The "fate" of villages is a constantly recurring theme, whether depicted explicitly or through the fate of the individual. In Munkácsi's Vogul texts villages with diminishing populations are referred to with separate formulas ("its place will be shown with a wet oar's end / an icy reindeer chasing rod", "only the cuckoo will sing them"), likewise, there are formulas for surviving villages ("its road will not be grown with grass/seedling"). The present song was conceived in the spirit of the same tradition, in fact, it immortalises the overcoming of the danger of depopulation (and being moved out).
Josif Griškin is a popular singer with an excellent voice and performance skill. He has recently complained that his voice is no longer the same, and he also forgets the words. Because of his great deal of practice, he does not really care about reproducing the words accurately, instead, he reimprovises based on certain thematic "reference points". The songs recorded with him bear some characteristics of the improvisative style: a looser thematic structure and more carelessly structured syntax: unfinished or uncoordinated sentences, blurred, uncertain pronunciations, forced metric solutions, the omission of words and even whole lines, which make the transcription and translation of his songs more difficult than usual.
I did not have the opportunity to process Josif Griškin's songs with him, instead, his relative living in Polnovat, Marfa Dmitrievna Nëmisova (born: Lelhova), a 66-year-old woman born in Paštory helped in taking them down. Some of the uncertain points even she could not make sense of.
